Several European countries have implemented full or partial bans on face veils, such as the burqa and niqab, in public places. The specifics of these bans (e.g., full ban, partial ban in certain public spaces like schools or public transport) can vary by country.
Here's a list of European countries that have banned the burqa or other full face-coverings:
France: Was the first European country to implement a nationwide ban on full face veils in public places in 2010 (law came into force in 2011).
Belgium: Followed France in 2011 with a similar nationwide ban.
Bulgaria: Banned face-covering clothing in public in 2016.
Austria: The "anti-face-veiling act" came into force in October 2017, prohibiting full-face veils in public places.
Denmark: Announced a full ban on niqabs and burqas in May 2018, which came into force in August 2018.
Netherlands: Implemented a partial ban in 2019, prohibiting face coverings in specific public places such as government buildings, schools, hospitals, and public transportation.
Switzerland: Approved a nationwide ban on face coverings in public places through a referendum in March 2021, which came into effect on January 1st, 2025.
Germany: While there isn't a full nationwide ban, Germany has partial bans for certain professions (e.g., civil servants, judiciary, military) and in some states (e.g., for teachers in schools).
Luxembourg: Introduced a ban in 2018.
Latvia: A legal ban on face-covering Islamic clothing was reported to be adopted by the parliament in 2016.
Additionally, some localities in countries like Italy (e.g., Lombardy) and Spain (e.g., parts of Catalonia) have implemented their own restrictions, though these might not be national bans.
Here's a list of European countries that have banned the burqa or other full face-coverings:
France: Was the first European country to implement a nationwide ban on full face veils in public places in 2010 (law came into force in 2011).
Belgium: Followed France in 2011 with a similar nationwide ban.
Bulgaria: Banned face-covering clothing in public in 2016.
Austria: The "anti-face-veiling act" came into force in October 2017, prohibiting full-face veils in public places.
Denmark: Announced a full ban on niqabs and burqas in May 2018, which came into force in August 2018.
Netherlands: Implemented a partial ban in 2019, prohibiting face coverings in specific public places such as government buildings, schools, hospitals, and public transportation.
Switzerland: Approved a nationwide ban on face coverings in public places through a referendum in March 2021, which came into effect on January 1st, 2025.
Germany: While there isn't a full nationwide ban, Germany has partial bans for certain professions (e.g., civil servants, judiciary, military) and in some states (e.g., for teachers in schools).
Luxembourg: Introduced a ban in 2018.
Latvia: A legal ban on face-covering Islamic clothing was reported to be adopted by the parliament in 2016.
Additionally, some localities in countries like Italy (e.g., Lombardy) and Spain (e.g., parts of Catalonia) have implemented their own restrictions, though these might not be national bans.
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