Some excerts of this study from United Nations:
"(...) Focusing on these two striking and critical trends, the present study addresses the question of whether replacement migration is a solution to declining and ageing populations. Replacement
migration refers to the international migration that would be needed to
offset declines in the size of population, the declines in the
population of working age, as well as to offset the overall ageing of a
population.
Except for the United States, the numbers of
migrants needed to maintain the size of the total population (scenario
III) are considerably larger than those assumed in the medium variant of
the United Nations projections (scenario I). In Italy, for example,
the total number of migrants is 12.6 million (or 251 thousand per year)
in scenario III versus 0.3 million (or 6 thousand per year) in scenario
I. For the European Union, the respective numbers are 47 million versus
13 million (or 949 thousand per year versus 270 thousand per year).
The
number of migrants necessary annually to keep the potential support
ratio constant at its 1995 level would be 15 times greater than the net
migration level in the 1990s. Towards the end of the period, i.e. by
2040-2050, the net annual number of migrants required by the European
Union would be equivalent to half the world's annual population growth.
(Continue)
Replacement Migration: Is it A Solution to Declining and Ageing
Populations? For further information, please contact the office of Mr. Joseph Chamie, Director, Population Division, United Nations, New York 10017, USA
PS: Portugal is a good example: in 4 years, a country with a population of 10,2 million inhabitants got 1,6 million immigrants, almost 20 % of the population.


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